FORMAT FIRST THREE CHAPTER OF THE FYP REPORT

The students are required to attach their first three chapter of the FYP report with this progress report.

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Introduction of chapter

1.2 Project Background

1.3 Project Statement

1.4 Objective

1.5 Scope of Project / Limitation

1.6 Summary of Chapter

Chapter 2: Literature Review

2.1 History

2.1.1 Previous Work

2.1.2 Present Work

2.2 Review of History

2.3 Summary

Chapter 3: Methodology

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Block Diagram

3.2.1 Explanation

3.3 Hardware & Development

3.4 Software Development

3.5 Summary

PROGRESS REPORT AKU

To: Sir Azuki Bin Abdul Salam

From: Ahmad Fadhil Bin Mohamed (51210111019)

Date: November 13, 2012

Subject: Progress Report (from July 30 to November 16, 2012): Development Of Solar Power Tracker For  Water Pumping System

Introduction

The purpose of this project is to research about solar power tracker for water pumping system. This project mainly to be used in irrigation such as agriculture.  The project is to easy transfer water efficiently and reliably from sources such as spring, river, tanks and dams. For farmers with a creek running through their properties, using a solar powered water pumping solution means less fouling of waterways and far less erosion of banks.  This progress report discusses the progress I have made from July 30 to November 16.

Work Completed from July 30 to November 16

During this period, I finish do the proposal report, presentation and three chapters from the final report which discussed the Solar Power Tracker for Water Pumping System that will keep the solar panel aligned with the sun and the output of the solar power is used to generate electricity to pump water operations can be done. During the process to finish my report the main task that I learn from this project is how to make the solar panel always follow the sun. The LDR sensor is the important equipment that must have to track the sun. Not forget the servo motor also important to move the solar panel aligned with the sun and most important things is electric water valve can pump water well. I do a lot of research from internet and also some books regarding this project and then compare with my own knowledge. I also have begun working on the program and the controller that I want to use. After do research what type of programming and controller used for this project and I decided to choose controller PIC16f877a and C Language for program this project. The type of programming and the combination system schematic diagram circuit I explain briefly in the methodology section.

Work to be Completed by May 2, 2013

Next, I need to finish all the chapter of final report on formation by making corrections and proofing the chapter. This will be completed by May 2, 2013. I will continue the chapter until the end of chapter with does the hardware of this project. Every work I do will write on the report. I will then write the conclusion and management implications for the final paper. The entire project should be completed by the first week of May 2013.

Problems Encountered

During the research of my project Solar Power Tracker for Water Pumping System, I have some problems with the situation as the example did the output power after using my tracker devices is more than using the fixed solar panel. I have to do some calculation and research to encountered the problem. However the project is still on schedule and will proceed as how the project was planned.

Conclusion

My research project is on schedule and I should encounter no problems finishing it by May 2, 2013. If you have any questions or concerns with this project, please feel free to email me at fadhilsmile00@gmail.com

FORMAT PROGRESS REPORT

PROGRESS REPORT: (TITLE OF PROJECT PLUS THE PERIOD COVERED)

I. Introduction/Purpose

 Purpose of the report: Very briefly explain the project.

     Briefly explain what this progress report is for.

 Time period covered for the Progress report.

II. Work completed during this time period. (Dates)

 Explain what you have accomplished. Provide details.

 Project Staffing. How much effort has been used to date?

 Project Deliverables. Have they met the quality targets set?

III. Work you need to complete before you finish the project.

 What is the next step?

 When do you expect to complete the next step?

 What do you still need to do?

 When do you expect to complete the project?

IV. Problems encountered

 Explain any unexpected developments.

 Explain what you plan to do to correct these problems.

 State whether the project is on schedule.

 If not, why not?

 How do you plan to correct these problems?

 When will you be back on schedule?

V. Conclusions

PROJECT PROPOSAL

REFERENCES

 [1]       Bill Lane, Solar Tracker, Cleveland State University. Cleveland, Ohio 44115. 2008

 [2]       Isaac Aunkst , Solar Panel Tracking ,  Penn State Erie, The Behrend College in 2006

 [3]       F. Huang, D. Tien and James Or ,Microcontroller Based Automatic Sun Tracker        Combine with a New Solar Energy Conversion Unit , On page(s): 488 - 492 Vol.1, Sch. of Eng.   Sci., Simon Fraser Univ., Burnaby, BC, Canada. 1998.

[4]       Montie ales Vitorino, Mauricio Beltraode Rossitter Correa.Cursino Brandao Jacobina,"An Effective Induction Motor Control For Phtovoltaic Pumping "IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 58, April 2011

[5]        Anonymous, Uni-solar, Solar energy produces catalog and brochures, USA, 2001.

[6]        Anonymous, Solar Cells EİE Department of Research on electricity applications, Ankara, Turkey, 1992.

[7]        Anonymous, Solar Powered Livestock Watering Systems,   http://www.utextension.utk.edu

[8]       Helikson, H.J and Others, Pumping water for irrigation using solar energy, University of Florida, USA, 1995.

[9]        Romy Kansal, PIC Based Automatic Solar Radiation Tracker, THAPAR UNIVERSITY

[10]     P JAYARAMA REDDY Science and technology of PHOTOVOLTAICS, India: second     edition, 2009

[11]      http://www.borgenergy.com/solar-irrigation

PROJECT PROPOSAL - Conclusion

In all systems there are losses due to such things as voltage losses as the electricity is carried across the wires, batteries and inverters not being 100 percent efficient, and other factors. These efficiency losses vary from component to component, and from system to system and can be as high as 25 percent. Otherwise using tracking system is better to increase the system output compare to fix position in term of cost and technical performance. The solar water pumping system able to support the small scale of paddy field from quarter acre up to seven acre. This system is complete with water level control for water reservoir and paddy field because the paddy plantation behavior is sensitive to water level. This project able to helps the farmer to improve the paddy production for outside the granary of paddy field.

Since the increase in price per increase in unit power output of a photovoltaic system is greater than that for a diesel, gasoline, or electric system, photovoltaic power is more cost competitive when the irrigation system with which it operates has a low total dynamic head. For this reason, photovoltaic power is more cost-competitive when used to power a micro irrigation system as compared to an overhead sprinkler system. Photovoltaic power for irrigation is cost-competitive with traditional energy sources for small, remote applications, if the total system design and utilization timing is carefully considered and organized to use the solar energy as efficiently as possible. In the future, when the prices of fossil fuels rise and the economic advantages of mass production reduce the peak watt cost of the photovoltaic cell, photovoltaic power will become more cost-competitive and more common.

PV solar water pump system to solve problems of agricultural water conservancy and desert control with agricultural farmland decrease, the desert area continues to expand, the extreme arid climate impact on food production, solving water supply has become the root of problem of agriculture. Compared with the traditional diesel pump and electric pump irrigation, solar pump has great advantage. It will become the main way of agricultural irrigation in the future, has a wide application prospect.

PROJECT PROPOSAL - Budget

The total cost of this project is about RM 600. The project is low cost different than the other solar tracking system. Maybe after the real project the cost is above than the real value so that this estimate for this project.

PROJECT PROPOSAL - gant chart

WORK PLAN

The work plan will be follow by this Gant Chart. The time frame allocated for this research study is 5 months. It will start in July 2012 and is proposal projected to be completed in December 2012. The Gantt chart for the project and its milestone are shown as in Table below.

PROJECT PROPOSAL

BENEFITS/ CONTRIBUTIONS

Solar water pumps are used for irrigation of crops, water livestock and provide portable drinking water. Solar water pump uses peak solar array output which frequently coincides with high water demand during long, dry summer days. In the event of cloudy weather solar water pump systems often use storage tanks to store excess water. Solar water pumps do not require fuel or constant maintenance. Solar water pumps can also be designed for portability to be moved as water demand or change of season requires. Their operating cost is less compared to diesel pumps. Recent fuel price increases and generally intensive maintenance schedules however can make diesel pumps expensive. Advantage of this Solar penal, it also comes with two light sensors (LDR) which LDR is working to identify the position angle of the sun, allowing the photovoltaic technology is in the right angle facing the sun. The SPV sets are highly economical when combined with water conservation techniques such as drip irrigation & night time distribution of (day time pumped & stored) water. The SPV system leads to optimum exploitation of scarce ground water. The life cycle and the cost to ultimate beneficiary make the SPV systems cost effective as compared to conventional systems. IN addition the farmer is saved from the capital investment he has to make for drawing lines from the grid to his field/farms. 

PROJECT PROPOSAL

AIM

To qualify for the award of engineering technology degree in electrical engineering technology, I chose this project of solar power water pumping system and created a bit of help and reduce the burden on farmers, particularly to facilitate their agricultural drainage and reduce gas emissions and oil if using the engine. The aim of this article is to explain how solar powered water pumping system works and what the differences with the other energy sources are. After that, I can improve my skills and knowledge in problem solving research over the internet or books.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this project is to design hardware for power generation. The purpose of the project is to easy transfer water efficiently and reliably from sources such as spring, river, tanks and dams. These design also conduct and construct solar power unit that is portable and functional for domestic application and suitable for educational apparatus. At the same time this project could also serve as back-up power supply.

The objectives project also are to make sure all the theories and practical that the student has learn in the University Kuala Lumpur has been used to finish this final project. In this project the student will be used the subject that have learned. This entire subject was used to make sure that the student understands what the student has learned in the University Kuala Lumpur.

STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESES

By adding solar panels to power the water pumps on the ranch, it will prove to be cost beneficial over a certain amount of time because of incentives and elimination of monthly electricity costs through the use of a renewable energy source system.

There is a potential market for solar energy systems implementation and used for agricultural operations, especially in the irrigation system and remote areas or where the use of an alternative energy source is desired. It is possible to define and quantify this market, as well as to justify it in terms of social, environmental and economic sustainability.

Solar cell performance test

PROJECT PROPOSAL

Solar Power Tracker for Water Pumping System Design

PROJECT PROPOSAL - methodology

PROJECT PROPOSAL - methodology

Block Diagram

PROJECT PROPOSAL - introduction

INTRODUCTION

Each student who takes an engineering degree at UniKL BMI technology should complete the final year project report. Final year project is one of scientific research related to the field of study in the faculty that must be provided by the final year students as being eligible for the award of engineering technology degree. This introduction describes the project objectives.

The purpose of this project is to provide water to farmers and landowners with information on planning and installing solar-powered water pumping systems. Because every location has different needs and resources, this project provides the general principles required to make an informed decision on whether or not a solar pump is right for your operation.

While there are several possible methods for supplying water to remote pastures, such as wind, gas/diesel pumps, and ram pumps, solar-powered water pumps may offer the best option in terms of long-term cost and reduced labor. In the relatively rare instances with favorable topography and spring or pond location, ram pumps or gravity feed may be better options. In flat areas where the water is supplied by a remote well and where there is limited access to the power grid, solar pumps appear to be the best option.

Solar pumps offer a clean and simple alternative to fuel-burning engines and generators for domestic water, livestock and irrigation. They are most effective during dry and sunny seasons. They require no fuel deliveries, and very little maintenance. Solar pumps are powered by photovoltaic (solar electric) panels and the flow rate is determined by the intensity of the sunlight.

Solar panels have no moving parts, and most have a warranty of at least 20 years. Most solar pumps operate without the use of storage batteries. A water tank provides a simple, economical means of storage. Solar pumps must be optimally selected for the task at hand, in order to minimize the power required, and thus the cost of the system. A wide variety of solar pumps is available, to meet a wide variety of needs.

PROJECT PROPOSAL - abstract

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research is to describe about solar power tracker for water pumping system. Solar photovoltaic water pumping systems can provide drinking water without the need for any kind of fuel or the extensive maintenance required by diesel pumps. Photovoltaic (PV) panels are often used for agricultural operations, especially in remote areas or where the use of an alternative energy source is desired. In particular, they have been demonstrated time and time again to reliably produce sufficient electricity directly from solar radiation (sunlight) to power livestock and irrigation watering systems. This system is mainly to be used in irrigation such as agriculture. The function of the project is to easy transfer water efficiently and reliably from sources such as spring, river, tanks and dams. This system begins with a solar panel that will use light energy from the sun to generate electricity through the photovoltaic (PV) effect to produce dc power charger controller will control excessive current flow flowing into the battery. In addition to over-protection, state-of-charge control low voltage or battery needed for preventing deep discharge damage to the battery. Low voltage relay acts as an automatic switch to disconnect pump before the battery voltage is too low. Relay activated and switched on when the battery voltage dropped to "low voltage" threshold, and de-activate and switch back when the battery voltage is increased to "reconnect" threshold. Most of the PV equipment supplier offering charge regulator controls that combines both overcharge protection and low voltage disconnect to protect battery. After that voltage regulator is placed between the battery and the pump to maintain an appropriate level of voltage pump then to operate pumps the water from the river to the water tank. On the other hand water tank there is a sensor that will detect presence to the extent required.

PROJECT PROPOSAL - cover page

PROJECT PROPOSAL

DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR POWER TRACKER FOR WATER PUMPING SYSTEM

STUDENT NAME: AHMAD FADHIL BIN MOHAMED

ID NO: 51210111019

INSTITUTION: UniKL BRITISH MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE

SECTION: BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY ELECTRICAL

SUPERVISOR: SIR AZUKI BIN ABDUL SALAM

DATE: 15 NOVEMBER 2012